X
|
STUDENT DIGITAL NEWSLETTER ALAGAPPA INSTITUTIONS |
|
Mary W. L. Lee, PharmD, BCPS, FCCP
Flour Fortification with Iron muscle relaxant online urispas 200mg mastercard, Folic Acid and Vitamin B12: Regional Meeting Report muscle relaxant you mean whiskey buy urispas 200mg online. Abuse during pregnancy: effects on maternal complications and birthweight in adult and teenage women spasms quadriplegia generic 200 mg urispas with amex. Incidence of open neural tube defects in Nova Scotia after folic acid fortification muscle relaxant yellow pill v discount urispas 200 mg mastercard. Risk of low birth weight and stillbirth associated with indoor air pollution from solid fuel use in developing countries. Accountability for Maternal, Newborn and Child Survival: An update on progress in priority countries. Decline in the prevalence of neural tube defects following folic acid fortification and its cost-benefit in South Africa. Negative moods as correlates of smoking and heavier drinking: implications for health promotion. Racial Differences in Treatment Effect among Men in a Substance Abuse and Domestic Violence Program. Induced termination of pregnancy and low birthweight and preterm birth: a systematic review and metaanalyses. Periconceptional smoking: an exploratory study of determinants of change in smoking behavior among women in the fertile age range. Seroprevalence of rubella among women of childbearing age in Taiwan after nationwide vaccination. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (4 of 7): delivery of interventions. Stress and preterm birth: neuroendocrine, immune/inflammatory, and vascular mechanisms. The dynamic topology of sexually transmitted disease epidemics: implications for prevention strategies. Prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly during the transition to mandatory folic acid fortification in the United States. Decline in the prevalence of spina bifida and anencephaly by race/ethnicity: 1995-2002. Adolescent Pregnancy: Unmet needs and undone deeds A review of the literature and programmes. Package of interventions for family planning, safe abortion care, maternal, newborn and child health. Occupational wo r k ing conditions as risk factors for preterm birth in Benin, West Africa. Corticosteroid therapy for prevention of respiratory distress syndrome in severe preeclampsia. Give it up for baby - A smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women in Scotland. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (3 of 7): evidence for effectiveness of interventions. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. A population based birth cohort study linking ethnography and epidemiological methods. Progesterone and preterm birth prevention: Translating clinical trials data into clinical practice. From safe motherhood, newborn and child survival partnerships to the continuum of care and accountability: Moving fastforward to 2015. Elective Cesarean Delivery: Trends, evidence and implications for women, newborn and nurses. Ver y low bir thweight in African American infants: the role of maternal exposure to interpersonal racial discrimination. Antibiotics for pre-term pre-labour rupture of membranes: prevention of neonatal deaths due to complications of pre-term birth and infection. Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save? Effectiveness of a smoking cessation inter vention for methadone-maintained women: a comparison of pregnant and parenting women. Primar y, secondar y, and tertiar y inter ventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of preterm birth. Role of calcium supplementation during pregnancy in reducing risk of developing gestational hypertensive disorders: a meta-analysis of studies from developing countries. Trends in embryot ra n s fe r p ra ct i ce a n d i n o utco m e s of the u s e of a s s i s the d reproductive technology in the United States. Environmental tobacco smoke and fetal health: systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods to encourage the use of antenatal co r ticoste roid the rapy fo r fetal matu ration: a random i zed controlled trial. Healthy Babies a re Wo r th the Wait : Preventing Preterm Births through Community-based Interventions: An Implementation Manual. Spontaneous preterm birth, a clinical dilemma: etiologic, pathophysiologic and genetic heterogeneities and racial disparity. Biomarkers of spontaneous preterm birth: an overview of the literature in the last four decades. Effects of socioeconomic and racial residential segregation on preterm birth: a cautionary tale of structural confounding. Guidelines for the number of embryos to transfer following in vitro fertilization. Antenatal steroids in preterm labour for the prevention of neonatal deaths due to complications of preterm birth. The use of dexamethasone in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes-a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial. The effect of antenatal corticosteroid therapy on pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of membranes. Antenatal cor ticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. Global report on preterm birth and stillbirth (7 of 7): mobilizing resources to accelerate innovative solutions (Global Action Agenda). Exposure to particulate matter and adverse birth outcomes: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. Employment, working conditions, and preterm birth: results from the Europop case-control survey. The neighborhood contribution to black-white perinatal disparities: an example from two north Carolina counties, 1999-2001. The world health organization multicountry survey on maternal and newborn health: study protocol. Ethnic disparity in spontaneous preterm birth and maternal prepregnancy body mass i ndex. Pregnancies and their obstetric outcome in two selected age groups of teenage women in Greece. Epidemiologнa del parto pretйrmino y su repercusiуn en la morbi-mortalidad neonatal registrados en el hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda / Epidemiologнa of the childbirth p reter m and its repercussion in neonative mo r bi - mo r tal it y registered in hospital Dr Verdi Cevallos. Promises, achievements and missed opportunities: An analysis of trends, l eve l s a nd d i f fe rent i a l s, 19 9 0 -20 01. Pregnancy, Childbirth, Postpartum and Newborn Care: A guide for essential practice. Addressing violence against women and achieving the Mi l lennium Development Goals. Relevant cochrane reviews on preterm birth-related interventions during the pregnancy period and childbirth considered for Chapter 4 are available online at The effect of cord cleansing with chlorhexidine on neonatal mortality in rural Bangladesh: a community-based, clusterrandomised trial. Journal of perinatology: official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 20(5), 321-328. Descriptive article on magnitude and patterns of socioeconomic inequalities in Countdown to 2015 countries. Progress in the Implementation of Kangaroo Mother Care in 10 Hospitals in Indonesia.
Development research Equipment and commodities are considered essential for neonatal care units in high-income countries spasms under rib cage discount urispas 200 mg without a prescription, yet for many such units in low-income settings spasms pregnant belly purchase urispas 200 mg, basic equipment and essential medicines are not available or no longer functioning spasms under belly button purchase urispas 200mg. Development of robust spasms 1983 movie 200mg urispas for sale, fit-for-purpose equipment, as outlined in Chapter 5, is a critical next frontier for referral care for preterm babies in the settings where most die, especially for care in hospitals. Some examples include oxygen condensers and pulse oximeters to ensure safe oxygen use in babies, lowcost and effective methods for intervening in complications of labor and delivery, syringe drivers for safer intravenous fluid and drug administration, devices for testing bilirubin (jaundice levels) and innovative phototherapy equipment. Commodities, such as antenatal corticosteroids, could reach more women and babies if they could be prepackaged in single-dose syringes or, ideally, needle-free devices. Delivery research Delivery or implementation research addresses how interventions can be best implemented, especially in resourceconstrained settings where coverage inequalities are more pronounced so that all families are reached with effective care. Addressing preterm birth brings the focus back to the woman before, during and after pregnancy. This includes highlighting the critical need for basic and applied research in the complications of pregnancy and delivery and pre-existing chronic diseases in pregnant women, including pre-eclampsia, hypertension, diabetes, aberrations in placentation and placental growth and infectious diseases. Multiple socioeconomic, behavioral and biomedical factors are major contributors to poor fetal outcomes, both preterm births and stillbirths. In many high-income countries and those with Building the platform to accelerate research Underlying this entire research agenda is the development and implementation of the capacity to advance the science of prevention of preterm birth, manage preterm labor and improve care of premature babies. Standard case definitions of the types and causes of preterm birth are being developed (Goldenberg et al. Multi-country studies tracking pregnant women with improved and accurate gestational dating will contribute to a better understanding of all pregnancy outcomes for women, stillbirths and newborns. Improved communication and collaboration among researchers investigating these linked outcomes will accelerate the discovery, development and delivery of innovation, especially across disciplines and between laboratory benches and remote and under-resourced 86 the Global Action Report on Preterm Birth Box 6. Data sources for Afghanistan, India, Brazil, and Russia from Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group/World Health Organization cause of death estimates for 2010 (Liu et al. Expanding training, research opportunities and mentorship for researchers in low-income settings will promote a pipeline of expertise to advance the science with the skills to use this science effectively to promote change. A number of lessons can be drawn from this historical data: · Basic care and infection case management interventions have an important effect on neonatal deaths and on deaths amongst moderate and late preterm births, which account for over 80% of preterm births. Potential for lives saved To understand the impact of evidence-based interventions on deaths due to complications of preterm birth, we considered both historical data and a new analysis using lives saved modeling. History lessons the historical data from the United States and United Kingdom (Box 6. Note that obstetric care would also have an impact, but is not estimated separately Tool. National time series data for mortality, health status and intervention coverage is preloaded for 75 Countdown to 2015 priority countries. The detailed review process 1 (more than 921,000 lives) could be saved in 2025 if these interventions were made universally available (95%). Full coverage of antenatal corticosteroids alone resulted in extremely high mortality reductions, a 41% decrease from 2010 (Mwansa-Kambafwile et al. If these were added to existing health system packages, especially noting the recent shifts to more facility births in Africa and Asia, then a high impact is possible even in a relatively short time frame. The modeling methods have been published elsewhere (Boschi-Pinto and Black, 2011; Stover et al. We considered the period from 2010 to 2015 and then up to 2025 to allow for a more feasible time frame to scale up care and progress on the prevention agenda. The global goal is broken down into two different country groups: those that have already achieved a low level of neonatal mortality (less than 5 per 1,000 live births) and those countries that have not yet achieved this level. For countries with a neonatal mortality rate above 5 per 1,000 live births in 2010: the goal is to reduce their preterm birth-attributable mortality by 50% between 2010 and 2025. This reduction will mean that 550,000 premature babies will be saved each year by the target year of 2025. In addition, more babies will be saved who are moderately preterm but die of other causes. Given this scenario and taking into account changing numbers of births, the global total of preterm deaths will not reduce significantly by 2025, with around 900,000 premature babies continuing to die every year. Scenario 2: Countries take action to catch up with top performers within their region Should country governments take action now to match the improvements of the top performers within their regions or to match the historical reductions in the United States and the United Kingdom from basic interventions before widespread use of intensive care, preterm mortality could decline by 44 to 50% by 2025 (Box 6. Even those countries with higher mortality rates that are not yet ready to scale up intensive care could see a 50% reduction as shown in the mid-20th century in the United States and the United Kingdom. This reduction is achievable with improved essential care of premature babies and better case management of infections and respiratory distress syndrome, especially since the deaths of moderately preterm babies are the most common and preventable ones. Hence, it would be expected, with the inclusion of these and other innovations, that mor tality reduction would be more rapid than for the historical examples. The experiences of two of these countries - Sri Lanka and Turkey - are briefly described here. Differences between approaches are immediately apparent, as countries customize their approach to availability of resources and "readiness" of the systems. Births with a skilled attendant rose from 83% in 2003 to more than 90% in 2009, and institutional facility births rose to more than 90% by 2009 (Demirel and Dilmen, 2011). There was significant promotion of antenatal care and facility births, including cash incentives and free accommodation in maternity waiting homes in cities for expectant women from remote areas (Kultursay, 2011). Turkey invested in health systems improvements, such as systematizing referral to neonatal care with transport systems, and upgrading neonatal intensive care units, focusing on nursing staff skills and standardization of care especially for neonatal resuscitation (Baris et al. Antenatal care coverage is at 99% for the country, with approximately 51% of pregnant woman having more than 9 antenatal visits. Postnatal care is also robust, with 90% of women receiving public health midwife visits within 10 days of discharge (United Nations Millennium Project, 2005; Senanayake et al. More recent advances included reinvigoration of community-based health care, including maternity clinics, and strengthening of referral and transportation networks such that women in preterm labor are rapidly transported to appropriate secondary and tertiary care centers. While ensuring a 95% coverage rate is ideal and would result in a major mortality reduction, this process will take time. Working towards this goal will achieve significant progress from now until 2015 and beyond. Many other causes of newborn death, as well as maternal deaths and stillbirths, would be saved by such shared interventions as skilled care at birth. The problem is not diminishing; for the countries with 20-year trend data, the majority show an increase in preterm birth rates. Even worse, the burden is not shared equally, with the impact of preterm birth falling most severely on the poorest families and in low- and middle-income countries where health systems are less prepared to respond. There are also high preterm birth rates in many high-income countries, including the United States. These facts demonstrate that the problem of preterm birth is one that we all share; therefore, the solutions must be ones that we not only share, but also tackle through cooperation, collaboration and coordination of the many constituencies and stakeholders that need to be involved if the toll of preterm birth is to be optimally reduced and the lives of mothers and newborns saved. The seven constituencies, as identified by Every Woman Every Child Call to action this report is sobering in the news it delivers and in the personal stories of loss that it tells. These first-ever country estimates for preterm birth tell a grim story (Chapter 2). Inform: Improve the data for preterm birth rates, mortality, impairment and their causes, with regular tracking of coverage, quality and equity gaps, as is done through Countdown to 2015 and linked to the work of the Commission for Information and Accountability using the data for action and accountability, including the establishment of national birth registrations. Invest: Bring both financial and other resources to address maternal and newborn health and the burden of preterm birth. Innovate: Implement: · Adapt integrated packages of care, taking into account national and local contexts, and tailored to national health service delivery models. Ensure that every family has the support they need, immediately after birth of a premature baby, following its loss, or living with a child with prematurityassociated disability. All of the partners, donors and contributors involved in the preparation and dissemination of this report see its publication not as a final step (see page viii for partner commitments), but as an important next step towards a world where every woman and every newborn is given the best chance to survive and thrive. This agenda is ambitious, yet it can and must be accomplished if the actions detailed in this report are to be given the visibility, funding and attention they deserve. To be successful in our goals, the constituencies identified must work together collaboratively and in partnership in ways that are transparent to all, vigorous and accountable. Partner commitments for addressing preterm birth detailed onpage viii and available at The Report Card, a familiar means of assessing progress for school-age children, has been a powerful tool used in the United States to prevent preterm birth and its serious health consequences. These grades, used as a rallying point, have helped bring visibility and promote change.
Generic 200mg urispas with mastercard. Botox for TMJ - Teeth Grinding.
Association between indicators of cattle density and incidence of paediatric haemolytic- Corresponding author: M spasms toddler buy urispas 200mg overnight delivery. Survivability of vero toxic Escherichia coli O111 against sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate added to simulating media for beef gravy spasms when falling asleep buy 200 mg urispas with visa. Tracing shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli O103 muscle relaxant yellow pill 200 mg urispas otc, O145 spasms near anus order urispas 200mg mastercard, and O174 infections from farm residents to cattle. Direct and indirect zoonotic transmission of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Isolation and characterization of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 from slaughter pigs and poultry. An outbreak of diarrhoea due to multiple antimicrobial-resistant shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O26:H11 in a nursery. Enterohemorrhagic Escherihia coli O26 outbreak caused by contaminated natural water supplied by facility owned by local community. Preliminary evaluation of a procedure for improved detection of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in fecal specimens. Risk factors for the occurrence of Escherichia coli virulence genes eae, stx1 and stx2 in wild bird populations. Lactobacilli antagonize biological effects of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in vitro. Risk factors for sporadic human infection with shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in South Australia. Prevalence and genetic profiles of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains isolated from buffaloes, cattle, and goats in central Vietnam. Prevalence and pathogenicity of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in beef cattle and their products. Growth and enrichment medium for detection and isolation of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in cattle feces. Prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in dairy cattle and their products. Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: pre- and postharvest control measures to ensure safety of dairy cattle products. Verotoxinproducing Escherichia coli in sheep grazing an irrigated pasture or arid rangeland forages. Prevalence and genetic characterization of shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli isolates from slaughtered animals in Bangladesh. Prevalence and characteristics of Escherichia coli O26 and O111 from cattle in Korea. Escherichia coli O157 H7 in faeces from cattle, sheep and pigs in the southwest part of Norway during 1998 and 1999. The emerging clinical importance of non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Growing concerns and recent outbreaks involving non-O157:H7 serotypes of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Microbiological characterization of lamb carcasses at commercial processing plants in the United States. Simultaneous enrichment of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 and O26 and Salmonella in food samples using universal preenrichment broth. Sorbitol-fermenting Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H strains: epidemiology, phenotypic and molecular characteristics, and microbiological diagnosis. The association between idiopathic hemolytic uremic syndrome and infection by verotoxinproducing Escherichia coli. Kato K, Shimoura R, Nashimura K, Yoshifuzi K, Shiroshita K, Sakurai N, Kodama H, and Kuramoto S. Outbreak of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O111 among high school participants in excursion to Korea. Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in fecal samples of finished pigs at slaughter in Switzerland. Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli O157 in agricultural fair livestock, United States. An outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections traced to jerky made from deer meat. Serine protease espP subtype alpha, but not beta or gamma, of shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli is associated with highly pathogenic serogroups. Kijima-Tanaka M, Ishihara K, Kojima A, Morioka A, Nagata R, Kawanishi M, Nakazawa M, Tamura Y, and Takahashi T. A national surveillance of Shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli in food-producing animals in Japan. Prevalence and characteristics of eae- and stx-positive strains of Escherichia coli from wild birds in the immediate environment of Tokyo Bay. Resistances to benzalkonium chloride of bacteria dried with food elements on stainless steel surface. Shiga toxin as a bacterial defense against a eukaryotic predator, Tetrahymena thermophila. Variation in acid resistance among shiga toxin-producing clones of pathogenic Escherichia coli. Detection and characterization of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in captive non-domestic mammals. Towards an attenuated enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 vaccine characterized by a deleted ler gene and containing apathogenic shiga toxins. Modelling the epidemiology and transmission of Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli serogroups O26 and O103 in two different calf cohorts. Verocytotoxinproducing Escherichia coli O26 in raw water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) milk products in Italy. Screening of food raw materials for the presence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O91:H21. Microbiological quality of finfish and shellfish with special reference to shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome and Escherichia coli O121 at a lake in Connecticut, 1999. Isolation of shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli from a South American camelid (Lama guanicoe) with diarrhea. Assessment of shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli isolates from wildlife meat as potential pathogens for humans. Misselwitz J, Karch H, Bielazewska M, John U, Ringelmann F, Rцnnefarth G, and Patzer L. Cluster of hemolytic-uremic syndrome caused by shiga toxinproducing Escherichia coli O26:H11. Miyajima Y, Takahashi M, Eguchi H, Honma M, Tanahashi S, Matui Y, Kobayashi G, Tanaka M, Higuchi T, and Takeuchi Y. Fate of acid-resistant and non-acid resistant shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strains in experimentally contaminated French fermented raw meat sausages. Outbreak of acute gastroenteritis attributable to Escherichia coli serotype O104:H21-Helena, Montana, 1994. Detection and characterization of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in feral pigeons. A cluster of cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in north Queensland associated with a novel Shiga-like toxin-producing Escherichia coli. Muraoka R, Okazaki M, Fujimoto Y, Jo N, Yoshida R, Kiyoyama T, Oura Y, Hirakawa K, Jyukurogi M, Kawano K, Okada M, Shioyama Y, Iryoda K, Wakamatu H, Kawabata N. An enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O103 outbreak at a nursery school in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan. Glycopolydiacetylene nanoparticles as a chromatic biosensor to detect shiga-like toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7. Evidence of transmission of verocytotoxin-producing O111 from a cattle stable to a child. Continuous surveillance of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis shows that most infections are sporadic. Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in wild birds and rodents in close proximity to farms.
Such application shall- "(1) certify that the law enforcement agency shall match Certification muscle relaxant jaw clenching 200mg urispas for sale. General of the United States shall have access to all records related to the receipt and use of grant funds received under this part spasms left shoulder blade buy urispas 200 mg online. The Attorney General may refuse to award a grsuit if the Attorney General finds sufficient progress has not been made toward meeting such objectives spasms nose order urispas 200mg with visa, but only after affording the applicant notice and an opportunity for reconsideration back spasms 34 weeks pregnant urispas 200 mg free shipping. The standards shall also include a system for grading proficiency testing performance to determine whether a laboratory is performing acceptably. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Federal Bureau of Investigation to carry out sections 210303, 210304, and 210305- (1) $5,500,000 for fiscal year 1996; (2) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1997; (3) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 1998; (4) $2,500,000 for fiscal year 1999; and (5) $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2000. Section 1001(a) of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U. These conditions may not be based on race, creed, color, national origin, gender, or age. These conditions may include- (A) the operation of the vehicle during certain hours of the day; or (B) the operation of the vehicle under other cir, cumstances that would provide a sufficient basis for establishing a reasonable suspicion that the vehicle was not being operated by the owner, or with the consent of the owner. If more than one set of conditions is established, a separate consent form and a separate design for program decals or devices shall be established for each set of conditions. Unauthorized application of theft prevention decal or device "(a) Whoever affixes to a motor vehicle a theft prevention decal or other device, or a replica thereof, unless autnorized to do 80 pursuant to the Motor Vehicle Theft Prevention Act, shall be punished by a fine not to exceed $1,000. This Act may be cited as the "Senior Citizens Against Marketing Scams Act of 1994". Definition "In this chapter, telemarketing*- "(1) means a plan, program, promotion, or campaign that is conducted to induce- "(A) purchases of goods or services; or "(B) participation in a contest or sweepstakes, by use of 1 or more interstate telephone calls initiated either by a person who is conducting the plan, program, promotion, or campaign or by a prospective purchaser or contest or sweepstakes participant; but "(2) does not include the solicitation of sales through the mailing of a catalog that- "(A) contains a written description or illustration of the goods or services offered for sale; "(B) includes the business address of the seller; "(C) includes multiple pages of written material or illustration; and "(D) has been issued not less frequently than once a year, if the person making the solicitation does not solicit customers by telephone but only receives calls initiated by customers in response to the catalog and during those calls takes orders without further solicitation. Enhanced penalties "A person who is convicted of an offense under section 1028, 1029, 1341, 1342, 1343, or 1344 in connection with the conduct of telemarketing- "(1) may be imprisoned for a term of up to 5 years in addition to any term of imprisonment imposed under any of those sections, respectively; and "(2) in the case of an offense imder any of those sections that^ "(A) victimized ten or more persons over the age of 55; or "(B) targeted persons over the age of 55, may be imprisoned for a term of up to 10 years in addition to any term of imprisonment imposed under any of those sections, respectively. Compliance with a restitution issued under this section shall be a condition of any probation or supervised release of a defendant. The affidavit shall be signed * by the United States Attorney (or the United States Attorneys delegee) and the victim. Should the victim object to any of the information included in the affidavit, the United States Attorney (or the United States Attorneys delegee) shall advise the victim that the victim may file a separate affidavit and shall provide the victim with an affidavit form which may be used to do so. The pri- Privacy, vacy of any records filed, or testimony heard, pursuant to this section shall be maintained to the greatest extent possible, and such records may be filed or testimony heard in camera. Congress calls on the President to convene a national summit on violence in America prior to convening the Commission established under this title. The purposes of the Commission are as follows: (1) To develop a comprehensive proposal for preventing and controlling crime and violence in the United States, including cost estimates for implementing any recommendations made by the Commission. State, Federal, and international crime control and prevention efforts, including efforts relating to crime near international borders. The staff director shall be paid at a rate not to exceed the rate of basic pay for level V of the Executive Schedule. The facilities shall serve as the headquarters of the Commission and shall include all necessary equipment and incidentals required for proper functioning. Not later than 2 years after the date on which the Commission is fully constituted under section 270001, the Commission shall submit a detailed report to the Congress and the President containing its findings and recommendations. There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this title- (1) $ 1,000,000 for fiscal year 1996. Section 3563(a)(3) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking "possess illegal controlled substances" and inserting "unlawfully possess a controlled substance". In carrying out this section, the United States Sentencing Commission shall ensure that there is reasonable consistency with other guidelines, avoid duplicative punishments for substantially the same offense, and take into account any mitigating circumstances that might justify exceptions. Section 3561(a)(3) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting "that is not a petty offense" before the period. Not later than December 31, 1994, the United States Sentencing Commission shall submit a report to Congress on issues relating to sentences applicable to offenses involving the possession or distribution of all forms of cocaine. The report shall address the differences in penalty levels that apply to different forms of cocaine and include any recommendations that the Commission may have for retention or modification of such differences in penalty levels. No action may be brought under this subsection unless such action is begun within 2 years of the date of the act complained of or the date of the discovery of the damage. An authorized recipient under subsection (b)(ll) may resell or redisclose personal information for any purpose. An authorized recipient under subsection (bX12) may resell or redisclose personal information pursuant to subsection (bXl2). Any authorized recipient (except a recipient under subsection (bXlD) that resells or rediscloses personal information covered by this title must keep for a period of 5 years records identifying each person or entity that receives information and the permitted purpose for which the information will be used and must make such records available to the motor vehicle department upon request. Any State department of motor vehicles that has a policv or practice of substantial noncompliance with this chapter shall be subject to a civil penalty imposed by the Attorney General of not more than $5,000 a day for each day of substantial noncompliance. After the effective date, if a State has implemented a procedure under section 2721(b) (11) and (12) of title 18, United States Code, as added by section 2902, for prohibiting disclosures or uses of personal information, and the procedure otherwise meets the requirements of subsection (b) (11) and (12), the State shall be in compliance with subsection (b) (11) and (12) even if the procedure is not available to individuals until they renew their license, title, registration or identification card, so long as the State provides some other procedure for individuals to contact the State on their own initiative to prohibit such uses or disclosures. Prior to the effective date, personal information covered by the amendment made by section 300002 may be released consistent with State law or practice. Amounts of new budget authority and outlays under paragraph (1) that are included in concurrent resolutions on the budget shall not be taken into account for purposes of sections 601(b), 606(b), and 606(c) of the Congressiomal Budget Act of 1974, or for purposes of section 24 of House Concurrent Resolution 218 (One Hundred Third Congress). Section 1321(a) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by inserting at the end the following new paragraph: "(91) Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund. For fiscal year 1999, the comparable level for budgetary purposes shall be deemed to be $5,639,000,000. For fiscal year 2000, the comparable level for budgetary purposes shall be deemed to be $6,225,000,000. Upon enactment of this Act, the discretionary spending limits set forth in section 601(a)(2) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974 (2 U. For fiscal year 1999, the comparable amount for budgetary purposes shall be deemed to be $6,500,000,000 in new budget authority and $5,639,000,000 in outlays. For fiscal year 2000, the comparable amount for budgetary purposes shall be deemed to be $6,500,000,000 in new budget authority and $6,225,000,000 in outlays. The aggregate reduction in the authorization for any particular Federal law enforcement program may not exceed 10 percent of the total amount authorized to be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund for that program in this Act or amendment made by this Act. The aggregate reduction in the authorization for any particular State and local law enforcement program may not exceed 10 percent of the total amount authorized to be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund for that program in this Act or amendment made by this Act. The aggregate reduction in the authorization for any particular prevention program may not exceed 10 percent of the total amount authorized to be appropriated from the Violent Crime Reduction Trust Fund for that program in this Act or amendment made by this Act. Section 1112 of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) in subsection (b)- (A) by inserting "fined under this title or" sifter "shall be" in the first undesignated paragraph; and (B) by inserting ", or both" after years"; (2) by striking "not more than $1,000" and inserting "under this title"; and (3) by striking "three" and inserting "six". Section 1958(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting "or who conspires to do so" before "shall be fined" the first place it appears. Section 844 of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) in subsection (f)- (A) by striking "not more than ten years, or fined not more than $10,000" and inserting "not more than 20 years, fined the greater of the fine under this title or the cost of repairing or replacing any property that is damaged or destroyed,"; and (B) by striking "not more than twenty years, or fined not more than $10,000" and inserting "not more than 40 years, fined the greater of the fine under this title or the cost of repairing or replacing any property that is damaged or destroyed,"; (2) in subsection (h)- (A) in the first sentence by striking "five years" and inserting "5 years but not more than 15 years"; and (B) in the second sentence by strilang "ten years" and inserting "10 years but not more than 25 years"; and (3) in subsection (i)- (A) by striking "not more than ten yesirs or fined not more than $10,000" and inserting "not more than 20 years, fined the greater of the fine under this title or the cost of repairing or replacing any property that is damaged or destroyed,"; and (B) by striking "not more than twenty years or fined not more than $20,000" and inserting "not more than 40 years, fined the greater of the fine under this title or the cost of repairing or replacing any property that is damaged or destroyed,". Thereafter, the task force shall make such reports as the task force deems appropriate. Nonmailable iijurious animals, plant pests, plants, and illegally taken Hsh, wildlife, and plants "A person who knowingly deposits for mailing or delivery, or knowingly causes to be delivered by mail, according to the direction thereon, or at any place at which it is directed to be delivered by the person to whom it is addressed, anything that section 3015 of title 39 declares to be nonmailable matter shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both. Nonmailable injurious animals, plant pests, plants, and illegally taken fish, wildlife, and plants. Section 524(c)(6) of title 28, United States Code, is amended- (1) by striking "and" at the end of subparagraph (B); (2) by striking the period at the end of subparagraph (C) and inserting "; and"; and (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: "(D) a report for such fiscal year containing a description of the administrative and contracting expenses paid from the Fund under paragraph (1)(A). The Attorney General shall consult with the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services in establishing and carrying out the substance abuse treatment and prevention components of the programs authorized under this Act, to assure coordination of programs, eliminate duplication of efforts and enhance the effectiveness of such services. Receiving the p r o c e e d s of e x t o r t i o n "A person who receives, possesses, conceals, or disposes of any money or other property which was obtained from the commission of any offense under this chapter that is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year, knowing the same to have been unlawfully obtained, shall be imprisoned not more than 3 years, fined under this title, or both. Crimes by or affecting persons engaged in the business of insurance whose activities affect interstate commerce "(a)(1) Whoever is engaged in the business of insurance whose activities affect interstate commerce and knowingly, with the intent to deceive, makes any false material statement or report or willfully and materially overvalues any land, property or security- "(A) in connection with any financial reports or documents presented to any insurance regulatory official or agency or an agent or examiner appointed by such official or agency to examine the affairs of such person, and "(B) for the purpose of influencing the actions of such official or agency or such an appointed agent or examiner, shall be punished as provided in paragraph (2). If the amount or value so embezzled, abstracted, purloined, or misappropriated does not exceed $5,000, whoever violates paragraph (1) shall be fined as provided in this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. If the offense has contributed to the decision of a court of appropriate jurisdiction to issue an order directing the conservation, rehabilitation, or liquidation of an insurer, such penalty shall be remitted to the appropriate regulatory official for the benefit of the policyholders, claimants, and creditors of such insurer. The imposition of a civil penalty under this subsection does not preclude any other criminal or civil statutory, common law, or administrative remedy, which is available by law to the United States or any other person.